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CHP systems are a key element of a sustainable and resilient energy supply, as they provide controllable and highly efficient electricity and heat.
Cogeneration (CHP); © iStock; rapeepon-boonsongsuwan
Efficiency and security of supply in the energy system
At GWI, new, sustainable concepts are being developed for the optimal use of CHP in decentralized and centralized energy supply. The spectrum of systems ranges from systems for individual households, commercial or industrial enterprises to local and district heating networks in neighborhoods. To analyze the ecological, economic and systemic CHP potentials, we use both simple calculation tools (based on VDI) and complex simulations (Modelica) as well as spatial display software (QGIS).
In addition, we have a unique platform for application-oriented and practice-oriented research. The LivingLab includes, among others, various micro-CHP systems and a hybrid SOFC system with an electrical output of 200 kW. They can be operated in combination with different energy storage systems and with different gases (natural gas, LNG) or H2 mixtures.
The highly efficient and flexible provision of electricity and heat is elementary for a climate-neutral energy system with a high share of renewable energies. Combined heat and power (CHP) plays a central role here, as it is easily controllable and makes highly efficient use of its fuel.
In CHP systems, the waste heat generated during electricity production is made usable. By generating electrical and thermal energy simultaneously, the fuel, e.g. LNG, biogas or H2, is used in the best possible way. CHP thus helps to conserve resources and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
In addition to engines and turbines, CHP technologies also include fuel cells. Fuel cells in particular have high technological potential in view of the increasing use of renewably produced hydrogen.
In addition to reducing CO2 emissions during power generation, CHP can contribute to grid stability thanks to its controllability. It thus contributes to the integration of renewable energies in all sectors, generating further positive effects in the energy system. Here, an optimum must be found between flexible power feed-in and reliable heat supply.
